Comparing criterion by criterion

Comparing without aggregating: sign, amplitude, dispersion, and the resulting incomparability

Mind map of chapter 21: monocriterion means never combining two criteria into a single number. The gap Δ_j gives the local preference — L_p wins on nine criteria, L_d on C_1 alone, with no ties. The sign is not enough: an indifference threshold decides below which amplitude a gap will not be read, and it is decided, not read off the data. Dispersion answers two distinct questions — internal agreement within a block, separation between blocks. The signs read together establish that the two regimes are incomparable: an arbitration is required, and everything hinges on C_1.